Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the world. There is evidence that shows that atherosclerotic disease, the genesis of CVD, begins early in life. The presence and development of this is related to the same risk factors present in adults (arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome). Various modifiable behavioral risk factors suffered the possibility of developing CVD in adulthood. Due to the difficulty of achieving sustained and effective changes in adults, action should be taken from childhood, teaching healthy lifestyles along with the early detection of risk factors for CVD in pediatric age. The objective of the present work was to review the current bibliography on prevention of cardiovascular disease in adults from childhood, making an update on outputs are the risk factors for CVD present in children and adolescents, as well as to provide primary and primary prevention strategies.

Keywords: Cardiovascular prevention in pediatrics; Primordial prevention; Primary prevention