Introduction: Hemophagocytic syndrome is a disease diagnosed based on clinical and analytical criteria, related to numerous infectious entities. Exceptionally, it has been described in patients infected with the Leishmania parasite. Objective: The case of a 16-month-old boy is presented, who was admitted to our Hospital due to fever and hepatosplenomegaly, who, after arriving at the diagnosis and performing specific treatment, evolved favorably. Conclusion: Visceral leishmaniasis is a rare disease in our country, except in specific areas where it is endemic. Its diagnosis is sometimes difficult and it is necessary to resort to several of the currently available methods. The treatment of hemophagocytic syndrome is based on protocolized chemotherapy regimens, although it may represent an exception when it is secondary to visceral leishmaniasis, since anti-infective treatment usually resolves the alterations by itself.
Key words: Haemophagocytic syndrome. Visceral leishmaniasis. Liposomal amphotericin B |
